The world's Jewish population has grown to be nearly as large as it was before the Holocaust, an Israeli think tank said in its annual report Sunday. The Jewish People Policy Institute said there are 14.2 million Jews in the world. When factoring in individuals with one Jewish parent and others who identify as partially Jewish, the figure approaches 16.5 million -- the Jewish population on the eve of World War II. The Nazis and their collaborators killed about 6 million Jews in the Holocaust. The report said the rise has been due in part to natural growth, mainly in Israel, which has about 6.1 million Jews and one of the Western world's highest fertility rates. But it also linked the growth to "changing patterns of Jewish identification." It said that 59 percent of adult children in the U.S. who have just one Jewish parent now identify as Jewish, a majority "for the first time in memory." Avinoam Bar-Yosef, the institute's president, said more of those Jews were probably identifying as Jewish because it is more "respectable" to be Jewish in the U.S. than it was years ago. He also said Birthright-Israel, which organizes educational trips to Israel for young Jewish people, is likely having an impact. The tally combines the number of Jews worldwide, but it also includes at least one million secular Jews who are less likely to be connected to Jewish life or institutions. And it includes some 350,000 Israelis who immigrated from the former Soviet Union and are not considered Jewish in Israel. The Pew Research Center, whose count only includes Jews who self-identify as Jewish, projects that the number of Jews will reach 16 million by 2050. The United States has the world's second-largest Jewish population, at 5.7 million. France is a distant third with about 475,000 Jews, followed by Canada. The report, which was presented to the Israeli cabinet on Sunday, dubs itself an "annual stocktaking of the Jewish world." Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu commented on the report Sunday. "The Jewish people have no future without the State of Israel and the Jews of the Diaspora have no future without the state of the Jews. Thus, in order to ensure the future of the people, one must ensure the future of the state," Netanyahu said. "The very existence of the State of Israel is under an attack from two elements: first, the physical threat as reflected in Iran's attempts to arm itself with nuclear weapons, and second, the threat posed by the global delegitimization campaign that denies our right to exist. "Therefore, we are working to ensure that Israel will have the physical means to defend its citizens, and we are waging a determined campaign against the movements to boycott Israel and deny its right to exist. The key to dealing with these threats is an active, not just defensive, approach; we must denounce those who would slander us and seek our ill."
